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The Web Geolocation API is used to get the geographical position of a user.
The Web Geolocation API is used to get the geographical position of a user. Since this can compromise privacy, the position is not available unless the user approves it.
Geolocation is most accurate for devices with GPS, like smartphones.
The Geolocation API will only work on secure contexts such as HTTPS. If your site is hosted on a non-secure origin (such as HTTP) the requests to get the users location will no longer function.
The getCurrentPosition() method is used to return the user's position.
The example below returns the latitude and longitude of the user's position:
const x = document.getElementById("demo");
function getLocation() {
if (navigator.geolocation) {
navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(showPosition);
} else {
x.innerHTML = "Geolocation is not supported by this browser.";
}
}
function showPosition(position) {
x.innerHTML = "Latitude: " + position.coords.latitude +
"
Longitude: " + position.coords.longitude;
}
The second parameter of the getCurrentPosition() method is used to handle errors. It specifies a function to run if it fails to get the user's location:
navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(showPosition, showError);
function showError(error) {
switch(error.code) {
case error.PERMISSION_DENIED:
x.innerHTML = "User denied the request for Geolocation."
break;
case error.POSITION_UNAVAILABLE:
x.innerHTML = "Location information is unavailable."
break;
case error.TIMEOUT:
x.innerHTML = "The request to get user location timed out."
break;
case error.UNKNOWN_ERROR:
x.innerHTML = "An unknown error occurred."
break;
}
}
To display the result in a map, you need access to a map service, like Google Maps.
In the example below, the returned latitude and longitude is used to show the location in a Google Map (using a static image):
function showPosition(position) {
let latlon = position.coords.latitude + "," + position.coords.longitude;
let img_url = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/staticmap?center=
"+latlon+"&zoom=14&size=400x300&sensor=false&key=YOUR_KEY";
document.getElementById("mapholder").innerHTML = "<img src=""+img_url+"">";
}
This page has demonstrated how to show a user's position on a map.
Geolocation is also very useful for location-specific information, like:
The getCurrentPosition() method returns an object on success. The latitude, longitude and accuracy properties are always returned. The other properties are returned if available:
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| coords.latitude | The latitude as a decimal number (always returned) |
| coords.longitude | The longitude as a decimal number (always returned) |
| coords.accuracy | The accuracy of position (always returned) |
| coords.altitude | The altitude in meters above the mean sea level (returned if available) |
| coords.altitudeAccuracy | The altitude accuracy of position (returned if available) |
| coords.heading | The heading as degrees clockwise from North (returned if available) |
| coords.speed | The speed in meters per second (returned if available) |
| timestamp | The date/time of the response (returned if available) |
The Geolocation object also has other interesting methods:
const x = document.getElementById("demo");
function getLocation() {
if (navigator.geolocation) {
navigator.geolocation.watchPosition(showPosition);
} else {
x.innerHTML = "Geolocation is not supported by this browser.";
}
}
function showPosition(position) {
x.innerHTML = "Latitude: " + position.coords.latitude +
"<br>Longitude: " + position.coords.longitude;
}
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