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With the HTML DOM, you can navigate the node tree using node relationships.
According to the W3C HTML DOM standard, everything in an HTML document is a node.
With the HTML DOM, all nodes in the node tree can be accessed by JavaScript.
New nodes can be created, and all nodes can be modified or deleted.
The nodes in the node tree have a hierarchical relationship to each other.
The terms parent, child, and sibling are used to describe the relationships.
<html>
<head>
<title>DOM Tutorial</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>DOM Lesson one</h1>
<p>Hello world!</p>
</body>
</html>
From the HTML above you can read.
You can use the following node properties to navigate between nodes with JavaScript.
A common error in DOM processing is to expect an element node to contain text.
<title id="demo">DOM Tutorial</title>
The element node <title> (in the example above) does not contain text.
It contains a text node with the value "DOM Tutorial".
The value of the text node can be accessed by the node's innerHTML property.
myTitle = document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML;
Accessing the innerHTML property is the same as accessing the nodeValue of the first child.
myTitle = document.getElementById("demo").firstChild.nodeValue;
Accessing the first child can also be done like this.
myTitle = document.getElementById("demo").childNodes[0].nodeValue;
In this tutorial we use the innerHTML property to retrieve the content of an HTML element.
However, learning the other methods above is useful for understanding the tree structure and the navigation of the DOM.
There are two special properties that allow access to the full document.
<html>
<body>
<h1>DOM Lesson one</h1>
<p>Hello world!</p>
<p id="demo1"></p>
<p id="demo2"></p>
<script>
document.getElementById("demo1").innerHTML = document.body.innerHTML;
document.getElementById("demo2").innerHTML = document.documentElement.innerHTML;
</script>
</body>
</html>
The nodeName property specifies the name of a node. nodeName always contains the uppercase tag name of an HTML element.
<h1 id="demo1">DOM Lesson one</h1>
<p id="demo2"></p>
<script>l
document.getElementById("demo2").innerHTML = document.getElementById("demo1").nodeName;
</script>
The nodeValue property specifies the value of a node.
The nodeType property is read only. It returns the type of a node.
<h1 id="demo1">DOM Lesson one</h1>
<p id="demo2"></p>
<script>l
document.getElementById("demo2").innerHTML = document.getElementById("demo1").nodeType;
</script>
The most important nodeType properties are:
| Node | Type | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ELEMENT_NODE | 1 | <h1 class="heading">Lynxsia</h1> |
| ATTRIBUTE_NODE | 2 | class = "heading" (deprecated) |
| TEXT_NODE | 3 | Lynxsia |
| COMMENT_NODE | 8 | <!-- This is a comment --> |
| DOCUMENT_NODE | 9 | The HTML document itself (the parent of <html>) |
| DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE | 10 | <!Doctype html> |
Type 2 is deprecated in the HTML DOM (but works). It is not deprecated in the XML DOM.
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